Grid-connected electrification of energy end uses in U.S. buildings and industry is expected to continue to increase gradually under existing policies. This report from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory reviews the possible benefits and barriers to greater electrification in these market sectors, the technical and economic potential for electrification, and policy and programmatic approaches for regions that want to encourage a more rapid transition to beneficial electrification. We do not evaluate the case for electrification directly. Rather, we illustrate the benefits of electrifying, discuss some of the drawbacks, and review policies, programs, and regulations that may promote or hinder electrification.